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Quasiconformal mapping : ウィキペディア英語版
Quasiconformal mapping
In mathematical complex analysis, a quasiconformal mapping, introduced by and named by , is a homeomorphism between plane domains which to first order takes small circles to small ellipses of bounded eccentricity.
Intuitively, let ''f'' : ''D'' → ''D''′ be an orientation-preserving homeomorphism between open sets in the plane. If ''f'' is continuously differentiable, then it is ''K''-quasiconformal if the derivative of ''f'' at every point maps circles to ellipses with eccentricity bounded by ''K''.
==Definition==
Suppose ''f'' : ''D'' → ''D''′ where ''D'' and ''D''′ are two domains in C. There are a variety of equivalent definitions, depending on the required smoothness of ''f''. If ''f'' is assumed to have continuous partial derivatives, then ''f'' is quasiconformal provided it satisfies the Beltrami equation
= \mu(z)\frac,|}}
for some complex valued Lebesgue measurable μ satisfying sup |μ| < 1 . This equation admits a geometrical interpretation. Equip ''D'' with the metric tensor
:ds^2 = \Omega(z)^2\left| \, dz + \mu(z) \, d\bar\right|^2,
where Ω(''z'') > 0. Then ''f'' satisfies () precisely when it is a conformal transformation from ''D'' equipped with this metric to the domain ''D''′ equipped with the standard Euclidean metric. The function ''f'' is then called μ-conformal. More generally, the continuous differentiability of ''f'' can be replaced by the weaker condition that ''f'' be in the Sobolev space ''W''1,2(''D'') of functions whose first-order distributional derivatives are in L2(''D''). In this case, ''f'' is required to be a weak solution of (). When μ is zero almost everywhere, any homeomorphism in ''W''1,2(''D'') that is a weak solution of () is conformal.
Without appeal to an auxiliary metric, consider the effect of the pullback under ''f'' of the usual Euclidean metric. The resulting metric is then given by
:\left|\frac\right|^2\left|\,dz+\mu(z)\,d\bar\right|^2
which, relative to the background Euclidean metric dz d\bar, has eigenvalues
:(1+|\mu|)^2\textstyle\right|^2},\qquad (1-|\mu|)^2\textstyle\right|^2}.
The eigenvalues represent, respectively, the squared length of the major and minor axis of the ellipse obtained by pulling back along ''f'' the unit circle in the tangent plane.
Accordingly, the ''dilatation'' of ''f'' at a point ''z'' is defined by
:K(z) = \frac.
The (essential) supremum of ''K''(''z'') is given by
:K = \sup_ |K(z)| = \frac
and is called the dilatation of ''f''.
A definition based on the notion of extremal length is as follows. If there is a finite ''K'' such that for every collection Γ of curves in ''D'' the extremal length of Γ is at most ''K'' times the extremal length of . Then ''f'' is ''K''-quasiconformal.
If ''f'' is ''K''-quasiconformal for some finite ''K'', then ''f'' is quasiconformal.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Quasiconformal mapping」の詳細全文を読む



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